Differences between OS2, OM1, OM2, OM3, OM4, and OM5

OS2 Fiber 
As for OS cables, they come in OS1 or OS2 builds. OS1 is a bit antiquated. It is designed for distances less than 2km, and it hits a top transmission speed of 10Gbps. For jobs in that range, there are usually OM designs that are more cost-effective. OS2 is the standard for long-range networking. The cables can carry signals up to 200 km, and they can achieve transmission rates in excess of 10Gbps.
The purpose of OS2 fiber cabling is to do work that is best suited by singlemode fiber optics. It’s the easy go-to for long-range, high-speed work.

OM1 Fiber
Color – Orange
Core Size – 62.5um
Data Rate – 1GB @ 850nm
Distance – Up to 300 meters
Applications – Short-Haul Networks, Local Area Networks (LANs) & Private Networks

OM2 Fiber
Color – Orange
Core Size – 50um
Data Rate – 1GB @ 850nm
Distance – Up to 600 meters
Generally used for shorter distances  2x Distance Capacity of OM1
Applications – Short-Haul Networks, Local Area Networks (LANs) & Private Networks

OM3 Fiber– Laser-Optimized Multimode
Color – Aqua
Core Size – 50um
Date Rate – 10GB @ 850nm
Distance – Up to 300 meters
Uses fewer modes of light, enabling increased speeds
Able to run 40GB or 100GB up to 100 meters utilizing a MPO connector
Applications – Larger Private Networks

OM4 Fiber– Laser-Optimized Multimode
Color – Aqua
Core Size – 50um
Data Rate – 10GB @ 850nm
Distance – Up to 550 meters
Able to run 100GB up to 150 meters utilizing a MPO connector
Applications – High-Speed Networks – Data Centers, Financial Centers & Corporate Campuses
OM4 50µ - Multimode 10Giga/550m optimized Cables

OM5 Fiber– Laser-Optimized Multimode
Color – Green
Core Size – 50um
Distance – Up to 550 meters
Provide 100 GB data streams with just one pair of parallel fibers
Operating in the 850 to 950 nm range
Applications – High-Speed Networks – Data Centers, Financial Centers & Corporate Campuses

Comparing OM3 and OM4 and OM5
For those familiar with the previous iterations, OM3 and OM4 offered substantial bandwidth increases over their predecessors. By switching to laser signaling, they were able to boost performance substantially without sacrificing multimode advantages. They may cost more than their LED counterparts, but OM3 and OM4 have been competitive fiber options for data centers.

OM5 aims to raise the competition. It is capable of notably faster data transmissions, and when running at the same speed as OM3 and OM4, OM5 can provide longer connections without significant loss. You can see the comparisons below.

Expected SWDM Data Rates

OM4 vs OM5 Distance Comparison