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The difference of SFP 10G SR LR LRM ER and ZR

Although 40G and 100G transceivers are a hot trend in enterprise and data center interconnects as 40G/100G networks race to the future, 10G SFP+ transceivers are still considered the mainstream form factor and lower price.
SR, LR, LRM, ER and ZR are relatively common types in the 10G IEEE standard, but what's the difference between10g sfp SR, LR, LRM, ER and ZR? To figure out, we need to know the meaning of them first.

In fiber optic communications, SR LR LRM ER and ZR are terms that stand for 10g modules transmission distance. SR means short range, LR means long range, LRM means long reach multimode , ER means extened range and ZR means ze best range. Here is the details of these five types of 10g modules.

SFP-10G-SR

SFP-10G-SR(Short Range) is a very common sfp module, which can links up to 300 meters in multimode fiber. In general, SR modules are almost multimode and operating in 850nm wavelength. These modules are hot-plugged can be switched out easily.

SFP-10G-LR

SFP-10G-LR(Long Range)is used for long-range data transmission, such as large compuses or Metro Area Network. It can be either single mode or multimode and has the advantages of low cost, low power consumption, small size and high density. Such as SFP 10GLR 31.

SFP-10G-LRM

SFP-10G-LRM(Long Reach Multimode) conforms to the standard of 10gbase-lrm Ethernet, apply both traditional and new multimode optical fibers. It links with a minimum support of 220 meters on the installed 500mhz.km multimode fiber and link with a minimum support of 300 meters on the selected multimode fiber.

SFP-10G-ER

SFP-10G-ER(Extened Range)  supports transmission distance of up to 40 kilometers on standard Single-Mode Fiber. It is widely applied in data center and enterprise industrial park. Such as SFP 10GER 31, SFP 10GER 55.

SFP-10G-ZR

SFP-10G-ZR(Ze Best Range)  supports transmission distance of up to 80 kilometers with 1550nm waverlength on standard Single-Mode Fiber. It compliant with SFF-8431, SFF-8432 and IEE802.3ae standard. It can be used for data networking/optical network applications.

SFP 10G Comparison:  SFP 10GSR vs SFP 10GLR vs SFP 10GLRM vs SFP 10GER vs SFP 10GZR 

PN Distance Wavelength Interface Temp. DDM
SFP-10G-SR 300m 850nm Duplex LC 0-70℃ D
SFP-10G-LR 10km 1310nm Duplex LC 0-70℃ D
SFP-10G-LRM 220m 1310nm Duplex LC 0-70℃ D
SFP-10G-ER 40km 1550nm Duplex LC 0-70℃ D
SFP-10G-ZR 70km-80km 1550nm Duplex LC 0-70℃ D

SFP-10G-LRM vs SFP-10G-SR

SFP-10G-SR transceivers and SFP-10G-LRM transceivers both support MMF transmission. The former supports 300m over OM3 cable and 400m over OM4 cable while the latter supports 200m over OM3 or OM4 cable. So, how to choose between the two? Normally, when the transmission distance is less than 300 meters, SFP-10G-SR is recommended. However, if you have other requirements, for example, 200m transmission with modal bandwidth of 500 MHz km, then SFP-10G-LRM transceiver is necessary. 

Remember that to ensure compliance with specifications through FDDI, OM1, and OM2 fiber on SFP-10G-LRM, the transmitter should be coupled through a mode conditioning patch cable. For applications that over OM3 fiber or OM4 fiber, no mode conditioning patch cable is required. It is highly recommended to measure the power level before plugging the fiber into the adjacent receiver. When the received power is more than 0.5dBm, you should plug a 5-dB attenuator for 1300nm at the transmitter source of the optical module on each side of the link.

SFP-10G-SR transceivers and SFP-10G-LRM transceivers both support multimode fiber transmission. The former supports 300m over OM3 cable and 400m over OM4 cable while the latter supports 200m over OM3 or OM4 cable. Normally, when the transmission distance is less than 300 meters, SFP-10G-SR is recommended. However, if you have other requirements, for example, 200m transmission with modal bandwidth of 500 MHz km, then an SFP-10G-LRM transceiver is necessary. 

Given that many users are still using OM1 and OM2, the pursuit for SFP-10G-LRM fiber optic transceiver is bigger than SFP-10G-SR optical transceiver because the transmission distance of SFP-10G-SR is only 33m over OM1/OM2, while SFP-10G-LRM can support 220m over OM1/OM2.

For single mode transmission within 300 meters, choosing SFP-10G-LRM is an economical solution. For 2-10km transmission, the SFP-10G-LR is the only option.