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Comparison of DisplayPort 2.0 vs DisplayPort 1.4 vs DisplayPort 1.2 vs DisplayPort 1.1

On June 26, 2019, VESA announced the new DisplayPort 2.0 standard in San Jose, USA, offering a range of support for 8K resolution, high refresh rate 4K/HDR, and VR applications. compared to the 32.4Gbps (4lane x 8.1Gbps) bandwidth provided by the DP1.3/1.4 standard , the DP2.0 provides the same 80Gbps bandwidth as the Thunderbolt3. And DP2.0 adopts the new coding format, make the transmission efficiency from the DP1.1 to 1.4 era of 80% to 97%, resulting in a three-fold increase in the actual bandwidth of DP 1.3/1.4 25.92Gbps.

In this blog, we'd like to talk about the evolution of DisplayPort and explain why DP 2.0 is important for us.

DisplayPort 1.1
DisplayPort 1.1 allows devices to implement alternative link layers such as fiber optic, allowing a much longer reach between source and display without signal degradation, although alternative implementations are not standardized.

DisplayPort 1.2
DisplayPort version 1.2 was introduced on 7 January 2010.[11] The most significant improvement of the new version is the doubling of the effective bandwidth to 17.28 Gbit/s in High Bit Rate 2 (HBR2) mode, which allows increased resolutions, higher refresh rates, and greater color depth. 

DisplayPort 1.4
DisplayPort version 1.4 was published 1 March 2016.No new transmission modes are defined, so HBR3 (32.4 Gbit/s) as introduced in version 1.3 still remains as the highest available mode. DisplayPort 1.4 adds support for Display Stream Compression 1.2 (DSC), Forward Error Correction, HDR10 metadata defined in CTA-861.3, including static and dynamic metadata and the Rec. 2020 color space, for HDMI interoperability,and extends the maximum number of inline audio channels to 32.

DisplayPort 2.0
VESA stated that DP 2.0 is the first major update to the DisplayPort standard since March 2016, and provides up to a ≈3× improvement in data rate (from 25.92 to 77.37 Gbit/s) compared to the previous version of DisplayPort (1.4a), as well as new capabilities to address the future performance requirements of traditional displays. 

history of displayport
Is DP2.0 Compatibility with other DisplayPort versions?

Although the DP2.0 is a significant change from the original DP1.4, the standard maintains consistent downward compatibility.
DP2.0 supports both traditional DP interfaces and the new TypeC interface, and still supports several key features of DP1.4a: Stream Display Compression (DSC)  Forward Error Correction (FEC), HDR metadata transport.

Why you need DisplayPort 2.0?

Three times bandwidth than DisplayPort 1.4

In the traditional DP1.4, the transfer rate per channel is 8.1Gbps, and due to the 8b10b encoding, the total bandwidth of DP1.4 is 4 x 8.1 x 0.8 =25.92Gbps. While the DP 2.0 of the Thunderbolt PHY has a transmission rate of 20Gbps per channel and uses a more efficient 128b132b encoding, the transmission efficiency is 97%, and the actual loan provided by DP2.0 is 4 x 20 x 128/132 =77.37Gbps ( Three times as much as DP1.4).
This means that DP2.0 is the first to support native, non-compressible 8K (7680 x 4320, 60Hz, RGB 4:4:4 30bpc) resolution.

Ultra-high-resolution display applications
Based on the bandwidth of 77.37Gbps, VESA provides us with several examples of applications with typical resolutions.

Single display device
16K resolution (15360 x 8460), 60Hz refresh rate, 30bpp, RGB 4:4:4 (DSC visual lossless compression) 10K resolution (10240 x 4320), 60Hz refresh rate, 24bpp, RGB 4:4:4 (no compression)

Dual display device
2 x 8K resolution (7680 x 4320), 120Hz refresh rate, 30bpp, RGB 4:4:4 HDR (DSC visual lossless compression) 2 x 4K resolution (3840 x 2160), 144Hz refresh rate, 24bpp, RGB 4:4:4 (no compression)

Three display devices
3 x 10K resolution (10240 x 4320), 60Hz refresh rate, 30bpp, RGB 4:4:4 HDR (DSC visual lossless compression) 3 x 4K resolution (3840 x 2160), 90Hz refresh rate, 30bpp, RGB 4:4:4 HDR (no compression)

DP2.0 can still provide support at 8K, 4K resolutions, even with a 2-lane USB-C DP Alt Mode.
3 x 4K resolution (3840×2160), 144Hz refresh rate, 30bpp, RGB 4:4:4 (DSC visual lossless compression) 2 x 4Kx4K resolution (4096×4096, AR/VR), 120Hz refresh rate, 30bpp, RGB 4:4:4 () DSC Vision Lossless Compression) 3 x QHD resolution (2560X1440), 120Hz refresh rate, 24bpp, RGB 4:4:4 (no compression) 1 x 8K resolution (7680×4320), 30Hz refresh rate, 30bpp, RGB 4:4:4 HDR (no compression)

Higher power efficiency
To improve power efficiency and reduce power consumption, DP2.0 introduced PSR (Panel Self Refresh), similar to the widely used in eDP, which enables new technology displays and GPUs to transmit only the changed parts of the picture, significantly reducing the power consumption of THE GPU and the display.

Conclusion
DP2.0 brings ultra-high bandwidth and coding efficiency that once again far exceeds HDMI standards, and we believe that the competition between DP and HDMI will continue in the future. However, the bandwidth of the DP2.0 80G also poses a higher challenge for the DP copper wire, believing that only the new optomebeop of the AOC (Active Optical Fiber Cable) can support a distance of more than 2 meters.